Motion Chapter – One Page Summary & Final Practice
🌟 Quick Recap: Key Definitions
- Motion: Change in position with respect to time
- Speed: Distance travelled per unit time (scalar)
- Velocity: Displacement per unit time (vector)
- Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity per unit time
🧠 Important Formulas
- Speed = Distance / Time
- Velocity = Displacement / Time
- Acceleration = (v – u) / t
- v = u + at
- s = ut + ½at²
- v² = u² + 2as
🔍 Key Concept Differences
- Distance vs Displacement: Total path vs shortest path
- Speed vs Velocity: Scalar vs Vector
- Uniform vs Non-uniform Motion: Constant vs changing rate
📸 Comparison Table: Speed vs Velocity
| Speed | Velocity |
|---|---|
| Scalar | Vector |
| Always positive | Can be positive/negative/zero |
| Distance / Time | Displacement / Time |
| No direction | Has direction |
🔢 Practice Numericals
Solution:
Average speed = Total distance / Total time = (120 + 80) km / (2 + 1) h = 200 km / 3 h = 66.67 km/h
📝 → Total distance divided by total time gives average speed
Solution:
Convert: 36 km/h = 10 m/s
a = (v – u)/t = (10 – 0)/10 = 1 m/s²
📝 → Convert km/h to m/s before applying formula
Max height = u² / 2g = (30)² / (2 × 10) = 900 / 20 = 45 m
📝 → Use kinematic formula for vertical motion