Summary

📄 Key Points to Remember

Characteristics of Living Beings:

• All living beings show seven essential characteristics
• These characteristics work together to maintain life
• Absence of these features indicates non-living things

Seed Germination:

• Needs water, air, and suitable temperature
• Light not essential for germination but needed for growth
• Understanding helps in agriculture and gardening

Plant Movements:

• Shoots grow towards light and upward
• Roots grow downward regardless of plant position
• Plants can sense and respond to their environment

Life Cycles:

• All living beings go through predictable stages
• Some have direct development, others have metamorphosis
• Life cycles ensure species continuation

Practical Applications:

• Disease control through understanding pest life cycles
• Better farming through knowledge of plant needs
• Conservation efforts based on life cycle requirements

🔹 Types of Life Cycles

1. Direct Development

• Young ones look similar to adults
• Example: Humans, dogs, cats
• Gradual growth and change

2. Indirect Development (Metamorphosis)

• Young ones look very different from adults
• Major body changes during development
• Examples: Butterflies, frogs, mosquitoes