Reproductive health and Birth control

🔷️Why is Reproductive health is Important?

  • Ensure safe sexual practices.
  • Prevents unwanted pregnancy.
  • Protect Individuals from STD.
  • Promotes awareness about menstrual hygiene, family planning, and gender equality.

Needs of birth control:-

  • To avoid unwanted pregnancy.
  • To maintain population balance.
  • To protect mother’s health.
  • To ensure better upbringing of the child.
  • To reduce spread of sexually transmitted disease.

Methods of contraception:-

🔷️Barrier methods:-

  • Condoms:- Thin latex cover placed over male penis. Also prevents STD.
  • Diaphragm:- A dome shaped cover placed inside the female body.

🔷️Chemical methods:-

  • It involves hormonal pills or chemicals to prevent pregnancy.
  • Types:

1.)Oral contraception:-Prevent Ovulation (mala-D)

2.)Spermicides:- Kills sperms in the vagina.

3.)Emergency pills:- Taken after unprotected Intercourse.

🔷️Intrauterine devices (IUD):-

  • Copper T– Placed inside uterus, prevents implantation of zygote, long term method, must be placed by a doctor.

🔷️Surgical methods:-

  • Vasectomy:- for males

Vas deferens is cut and tied, prevent sperms Mixing with semen.

  • Tubectomy:- for females

Fallopian tube are cut and tied, prevent eggs from reaching uterus.

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Female Foeticide:-

What is it?

  • Illegal abortion of female foetus after sex determination.
  • Its is a major problem because it leads to a massive imbalance sex ratio.
  • Denies equal rights to girls.
  • Result in gender based discrimination.

🔷️Prevention:-

  • Banning sex determination tests (under PCPNDT Acts)
  • Spread awareness about gender equality.
  • Strict punishment for offenders.
  • Education and empowerment of women.

Sexually transmitted disease:-

🔷️Infection spreader through unprotected Intercourse or sexual contact is called the STD.

The most common STD’s are:-

Gonorrhoea:-

  • Bacterial infection, affects genitals, rectum and throat.
  • Symptoms: Burning sensation during urinating and discharge.

Syphilis:-

  • Bacterial infection
  • Symptoms:- Sore, skin rash, damage to organ if untreated.

AIIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome):-

  • Caused by HIV viruses, attack immune system,
  • Transmitted through:- unprotected sex, infected blood transfusion, sharing needles, from mother to child.

Prevention of STD’s

  • Use condoms, and avoid multiple sexual partners
  • Regular medical check-up.
  • Don’t share needles, blood screening before blood transfusion.