Final Summary + Concept Map
📄 Complete Chapter Summary
Key Discoveries:
- Microscope invention: Opened invisible world
- Cell theory: All life is made of cells
- Microorganism diversity: Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
- Beneficial roles: Decomposition, food production, medicine
Cell Fundamentals:
- Basic unit of life: All organisms made of cells
- Structure: Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
- Organization levels: Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
- Types: Unicellular vs multicellular
Microorganism Categories:
- Bacteria: Prokaryotic, everywhere
- Protozoa: Eukaryotic, mostly aquatic
- Fungi: Decomposers, some beneficial
- Algae: Photosynthetic oxygen producers
- Viruses: Non-cellular, need host
Beneficial Applications:
- Environmental: Decomposition, nitrogen fixation
- Food industry: Fermentation, preservation
- Medicine: Antibiotics, vaccines
- Energy: Biogas production
Control Measures:
- Prevention: Hygiene, vaccination
- Preservation: Temperature, chemical, physical methods
Key Terminology:
