Non-Communicable Diseases

📚 Key Concepts

🔹 Types of Non-Communicable Diseases

1. Lifestyle-related Diseases:

  • Diabetes: Due to poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity
  • Heart Disease: High cholesterol, smoking, stress
  • Obesity: Overeating, sedentary lifestyle
  • High Blood Pressure: Stress, salt intake, lack of exercise

2. Deficiency Diseases:

  • Scurvy: Vitamin C deficiency
  • Anemia: Iron deficiency
  • Goiter: Iodine deficiency

3. Chronic Diseases:

  • Cancer: Abnormal cell growth
  • Asthma: Respiratory condition
  • Arthritis: Joint inflammation

🔹 Diabetes – A Growing Concern

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Key Facts about Diabetes:

  • India has one of the highest numbers of diabetic people
  • Affects both adults and children
  • Can be managed with proper lifestyle

Symptoms:

  • Frequent urination
  • Excessive thirst
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Slow wound healing

Prevention:

  • Balanced diet
  • Regular exercise
  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Regular health check-ups

🔹 Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases

Lifestyle Modifications:

  1. Dietary Changes:
    • Reduce oil and sugar intake
    • Increase fruits and vegetables
    • Limit processed foods
    • Control portion sizes
  2. Physical Activity:
    • Regular exercise (30 minutes daily)
    • Outdoor activities
    • Yoga and meditation
    • Reduce sedentary behavior
  3. Stress Management:
    • Relaxation techniques
    • Good sleep habits
    • Social connections
    • Mindfulness practices
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