🌿 Carbon and Its Compounds:Chemical Reactions and Equations:Class 10th Chemistry CBSE

🧬 Covalent Bonds

• Formed by sharing electrons (Carbon forms 4)
• Strong and stable

🌀 Versatile Nature of Carbon

• Catenation (chain formation)
• Tetravalency (forms 4 bonds)

🛢️ Hydrocarbons

• Saturated (alkanes): single bonds (e.g., CH₄)
• Unsaturated (alkenes, alkynes): double/triple bonds

🧪 Homologous Series & Nomenclature

• Series of compounds with -CH₂- difference
• Systematic naming using IUPAC

🔥 Chemical Properties

• Combustion
• Oxidation
• Addition
• Substitution

🍷 Ethanol & Vinegar (Ethanoic Acid)

• Ethanol: solvent, antiseptic, alcoholic drinks
• Acetic Acid: food preservative, vinegar

🧼 Soaps & Detergents

• Soaps: natural, biodegradable, work in soft water
• Detergents: synthetic, work in hard water too